STRENGTHENING THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM IN INDIA: INSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGES AND REFORM PATHWAYS

Abstract

India’s freedom brought the rule of democracy with it, which is strongly reflected in our Constitution. The concept of “OF THE PEOPLE, BY THE PEOPLE, AND FOR THE PEOPLE” reflects the same democratic principle. The ideas of democracy, equity, justice and fundamental rights form the core principles of our Constitution. Elections are the primary requirement of a democracy. The “Right to Vote” is not merely a legal right but also an integral part of India’s electoral system. The responsibility to strengthen and maintain this system lies in ensuring free and fair elections in India. This paper discusses the electoral system in India and the concept of free and fair elections, while highlighting the institutions involved and the challenges faced during elections. It also proposes reforms required to strengthen the electoral system in order to sustain democracy in India. With an understanding of these issues and the solutions proposed, the Election Commission will be better equipped to promote good governance and eradicate unjust and unfair electoral practices. This, in turn, will help preserve democracy, which is the heart and soul of our Constitution. By assessing both the progress made and the gaps that persist, the study emphasises the need for ongoing reforms to ensure transparency, inclusivity and accountability within the electoral 
framework. Ultimately, it highlights that safeguarding the integrity of elections is essential for strengthening democratic values and upholding the nation’s constitutional vision.